Before acceptance
The corresponding author may request withdrawal through the authorised editorial route, identifying the manuscript, reason and, where requested, confirmation from all authors.
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Corrections and Withdrawals
Visible, proportionate action that protects an accurate and reliable scholarly record.
A record readers can trust
Correct the literature without erasing its history.
The Journal selects an action according to the nature, seriousness and effect of the problem, then keeps material notices linked to the affected record.
CIJFMR preserves the scholarly record through visible, linked notices. Minor errors that do not affect interpretation may be corrected in the article record. Substantive errors may require a formal correction. Serious unresolved concerns may justify an expression of concern. Findings that are unreliable because of error or misconduct may require retraction, while the record and notice remain accessible. A submitted manuscript may be withdrawn by the author before acceptance through a reasoned request, subject to any active integrity review. After publication, removal is exceptional and limited to circumstances such as unlawful content, serious privacy risk, or immediate harm.
Different problems require different records
01
Author correction
A material author-originated error is clarified.
02
Publisher correction
A production or Journal-originated error is corrected.
03
Editorial notice
Readers receive necessary context about the record.
04
Expression of concern
Serious unresolved doubts are made visible during investigation.
05
Retraction
A fundamentally unreliable publication is marked and explained.
06
Exceptional removal
Access is restricted only where a compelling legal, privacy or safety reason requires it.
Correct material errors without rewriting history
A formal correction may be issued when an error could mislead readers, affects important metadata or authorship information, or materially changes part of the interpretation without invalidating the article as a whole. The notice should identify the article, the correction and any important effect.
Minor typographical, grammatical or formatting mistakes that do not affect interpretation may be corrected without a separate formal notice. Authorship additions, removals or reordering require greater scrutiny and may require written agreement from affected contributors.
Retraction addresses a fundamentally unreliable record
- Fabricated or falsified findings
- Serious plagiarism or substantial duplicate publication
- Invalid research affecting central conclusions
- Unethical or unauthorised research
- Serious authorship manipulation
- Compromised peer review
- Another circumstance that fundamentally undermines reliability
A notice should identify the article, state that it is retracted, explain the reason where legally and ethically appropriate, and distinguish honest error from misconduct where possible. The original record ordinarily remains identifiable as retracted.
Expression of concern: this interim notice may be used when doubts are serious but an investigation is incomplete, evidence is inconclusive or an institutional process is pending.
Complete removal is a last resort
Removal may be considered where continued publication creates a serious problem that correction or retraction cannot resolve, such as a binding legal requirement, grave privacy breach, unlawfully disclosed confidential material or substantial participant-safety risk. Where possible, an explanatory notice remains.
Withdrawal depends on where the manuscript stands
After acceptance
Additional review may be necessary because production, metadata or publication preparation may already have begun.
During an investigation
Withdrawal does not necessarily end an integrity enquiry. Relevant records may be retained and assessed.
After publication
The record is no longer treated as a simple withdrawal. Correction, retraction or exceptional removal applies instead.
Versions, notices and infrastructure remain connected
Where technically appropriate, a corrected article may be updated while preserving visible evidence of the substantive change. Significant actions may be communicated to authors, repositories, identifier or metadata providers, and verified discovery services.
A retraction does not require unanimous author agreement when the Journal concludes that action is necessary to protect the record. Any disagreement may be represented accurately in the notice where appropriate.
Provide a precise, evidence-supported request
- Article title and citation
- DOI or other identifier where available
- Exact description and location of the error
- Proposed correction where appropriate
- Supporting source or evidence
Correction contacteditor@cijfmr.com
Guiding purposeReliability of the scholarly record
The process corrects the literature. It is not designed primarily as disciplinary punishment.
Found an error?
Send a precise correction request.
Identify the record, explain the problem and include supporting evidence through the verified Journal channel.